1. Yintoni ikhemikhali yokutshintsha ubushushu? Yintoni umsebenzi wayo ophambili?
1. Yintoni ikhemikhali yokutshintsha ubushushu?
Umtshintshi wokushisa wekhemikhali sisixhobo soshishino esenzelwe ukuququzelela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu phakathi kwamanzi amabini okanye ngaphezulu kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo; umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukwenza utshintshiselwano lwamandla obushushu ngaphandle koqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kolwelo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kumacandelo anje ngepetrochemicals, iikhemikhali ezintle, iikhemikhali zamalahle, amayeza, kunye nokulungiswa kokutya, abatshintshisi bobushushu zizinto eziyimfuneko kwiinkqubo zokuvelisa imichiza.
2. Yiyiphi imisebenzi ephambili yabatshintshi bobushushu kwishishini lemichiza?
Umsebenzi ophambili weekhemikhali zokutshintshiselana kobushushu kukuququzelela iinkqubo ezifana nokufudumeza, ukupholisa, ukukhupha, kunye nokuxinwa kwenkqubo yemidiya, kunye nokubuyisela ubushushu benkunkuma. Ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwamandla ashushu akugcini nje ukunyusa ukusebenza kwemveliso kodwa kunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zokuvelisa. Ngaphaya koko, abatshintshisi bobushushu banceda ukuzinzisa amaqondo obushushu enkqubo, ngaloo ndlela baphucula umgangatho wemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.
3. Zeziphi izigaba zemveliso yeekhemikhali ezisetyenziselwa ukutshintshiselana kobushushu?
Kwiinkqubo zemveliso yeekhemikhali, ukutshintshiselana kobushushu kusetyenziswa kuwo onke amanqanaba ahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa iinkqubo zokulawula ubushushu be-reactor, iiyunithi ze-distillation, iinkqubo zokubuyisela i-condensation, iinkqubo zokupholisa okujikelezayo, kunye neenkqubo zokubuyisela ubushushu benkunkuma. Ezi zitshintshisi zobushushu ziqinisekisa ukuba amaqondo obushushu ahlala phakathi kwemigangatho efanelekileyo kuyo yonke imveliso, ngaloo ndlela eqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzileyo kwezixhobo kunye neenkqubo.
II. Ziziphi iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zokutshintsha ubushushu kwishishini lemichiza?
1. Zeziphi iimpawu zeqokobhe{1}}kunye{2}}nezitshintshi zobushushu ityhubhu?
Iqokobhe -kunye{1}}netyhubhu yokutshintshiselana kobushushu lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu lwezixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu kushishino lwemichiza; Ulwakhiwo lwalo ngokuyintloko lubandakanya iqokobhe, i-tube bundle, i-tubesheets, kunye neentloko. Enye iphakathi ihamba ngeetyhubhu ngelixa enye ihamba ngaphakathi kweqokobhe, kunye notshintshiselwano lobushushu olwenzeka kwiindonga zetyhubhu.Ngenxa yeenzuzo ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu -nobushushu obuphezulu{5}}nokumelana noxinzelelo, ulwakhiwo olomeleleyo, kunye nozinzo lokusebenza, lufaneleke ngokukodwa{6}ukulungelelaniswa kwezicelo ezifunwayo ezifana nokucokisa i-petroleum, ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali{7} ezinkulu, kunye nezixhobo zokuvelisa izichumiso.
2. Kweziphi iimeko apho iipleyiti zokushisa zisetyenziswa?
Izixhobo zokutshintsha ubushushu zeplate zenziwe ngokwengqokelela yeepleyiti zentsimbi, ezinikezela ngobushushu obugqwesileyo kunoko kweqokobhe lemveli{0}}kunye{1}}nezitshintshi zobushushu ityhubhu. Ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, ubunzima obulula, kunye nokulula kofakelo, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumacandelo afana nokulungiswa kokutya, amayeza, i-HVAC, kunye neenkqubo ezijikelezayo zamanzi okupholisa. Kwimithombo yeendaba elulwelo ecocekileyo kunye noxinzelelo oluphantsi -ukuya{5}}kusetyenziso loxinzelelo oluphakathi, abatshintshisi bobushushu bepleyiti bahambisa ubushushu obuphezulu kunye neendleko zokusebenza eziphantsi.
3. Zeziphi iingenelo zee-spiral plate heat exchangers?
Abatshintshi bobushushu bepleyiti eSpiral babonisa uyilo lomjelo wokuqukuqela ojikelezayo okhuthaza ukuhamba okujikelezayo okuqhubekayo ngaphakathi kweyunithi, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukuhanjiswa kobushushu. Iadvanteji engundoqo kukuxhathisa kwabo ekuvalelekeni kunye nokugqwesa ukukwazi ukuzicoca{1}, kubenza ukuba bafaneleke ngokukodwa usetyenziso olubandakanya amasuntswana, iifayibha, okanye{2}}imidiya ephezulu ye-viscosity. Ezi zitshintshisi zobushushu zibonelela ngexabiso elibalulekileyo kumacandelo afana nokucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ukusetyenzwa kwenkunkuma yeekhemikhali, kunye nokuthuthwa kodaka.
4. Zeziphi iimpawu zomoya{1}}ezipholileyo zokutshintsha ubushushu?
Umoya-izitshintshi zobushushu ezipholileyo zisebenzisa umoya njengendawo yokupholisa, ziqesha iifeni ukuze ziqhube ukuhamba komoya ngenkani kwinkqubo yotshintshiselwano lobushushu. Ngokungafaniyo namanzi esintu{2}}iinkqubo ezipholileyo, azifuni myinge wamanzi okupholisa amaninzi, ziwenza afaneleke ngokukodwa imimandla ejongene nokunqongophala kwamanzi.
Aba batshintshiselwano basoloko beqeshwa kwipetrochemical, ekusetyenzweni kwerhasi yendalo, kunye{0}}neeprojekthi ezinkulu zamandla okunciphisa ukuthembela kubutyebi bamanzi.
3. Ziziphi iiparameters eziphambili ekufuneka ziqondwe ngaphambi kokuthenga umtshintshi wokushisa?
1. Kutheni kuyimfuneko ukuchaza iiparamitha zenkqubo?
Phambi kokuthenga umtshintshisi wobushushu, amashishini kufuneka aqale achaze iiparameters zenkqubo engundoqo ezifana nendawo ephakathi, isantya sokuqukuqela, uxinzelelo lokusebenza, ubushushu bokusebenza, kunye namaqondo obushushu okungena/ukuphuma. Ezi parameters zinquma ngokuthe ngqo indawo yokutshintshwa kobushushu, ukucwangciswa kwesakhiwo, kunye nokukhethwa kwezixhobo.Iiparamitha zenkqubo ezingachanekanga zingakhokelela ekugqithiseni ubushushu obunganeleyo okanye iindleko zotyalo-mali ezigqithisileyo, ngaloo ndlela zichaphazela ukusebenza komsebenzi wonke weprojekthi.
2. Kutheni kubalulekile ukuqonda iimpawu zesixhobo?
Imidiya eyahlukeneyo yeekhemikhali ineempawu zokwakheka kunye neekhemikhali ezahlukileyo{0}}ezifana nokuhlwa, i-viscosity, ukuthambekela kokungcola, kunye nobukho bamasuntswana aqinileyo. Amashishini kufuneka aqonde ngokucokisekileyo ezi mpawu ukukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokwakha kunye noqwalaselo lwezixhobo.Ngokomzekelo, izinto ezifana nensimbi engenasici, i-titanium, okanye i-Hastelloy kufuneka ibekwe phambili kwimithombo yeendaba eyingozi kakhulu, ngelixa i-designer exchanger designs eyenza kube lula ukucocwa kunye nokugcinwa lula kuyafuneka kwimidiya ethanda ukungcoliswa.
3. Umiselwa njani umthamo wobushushu obufunekayo?
Ubungakanani bokutshintshwa kobushushu buyisalathisi esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa ukusebenza komtshintshi wokushisa. Ukubala kwayo ngokuqhelekileyo kufuna uhlalutyo olusekelwe kwiiparameters ezifana nesantya sokuhamba okuphakathi, uluhlu lokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa, kunye nobushushu obuthile obuchanekileyo.Ukubalwa okuchanekileyo kokudluliselwa kobushushu akunakuqinisekisa kuphela ukuba isixhobo sihlangabezana neemfuno zemveliso, kodwa kwakhona ukuphepha inkunkuma yemithombo ebangelwa ngaphezulu-ukukhethwa kwezixhobo.
4. Kutheni le nto indawo yofakelo ibalulekile?
Ubume bofakelo buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo uyilo lwesakhiwo kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha elizayo lomtshintshisi wobushushu. Umzekelo, ufakelo lwangaphakathi nangaphandle lubandakanya iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zokhuseleko lwezixhobo, ngelixa indawo{1}}indawo ezixineneyo zifuna ukukhethwa koyilo lwezixhobo ezixineneyo. Ke ngoko, ukuqwalasela ngokupheleleyo imeko yofakelo ngexesha lesigaba sokuthengwa kwempahla kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo ubunzima bofakelo nolondolozo olulandelayo.
4. Unokukhetha njani izinto ezifanelekileyo kwisixhobo sokushisa ubushushu?
1. Ziziphi iimeko zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo i-carbon steel heat exchangers?
I-Carbon steel heat exchangers ibonakaliswe ngexabiso eliphantsi, amandla aphezulu omatshini, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle; ngako oko, zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizicelo eziquka amanzi asemgangathweni ajikelezayo kwimizi-mveliso kunye{0}}neendaba ezingaboliyo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunganyangeki kwayo ekumdleni, ayikufanelanga ukusetyenziswa nemithombo ye-asidi okanye yealkaline okanye kwiindawo ezinomhlwa kakhulu.
2. Ziziphi iingenelo zokutshintsha ubushushu bensimbi engenasici?
Abatshintshi bobushushu bensimbi engenasici banika ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokugqwala kunye nobomi benkonzo ende, kunye ne-304 kunye ne-316L iintsimbi ezingenasici zibe zizinto ezimbini eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswayo.
Kwizicelo ezibandakanya ukutya, amayeza, kunye nemithombo yeendaba ezinobungozi obuncinci bemichiza, abatshintshisi bobushushu bensimbi engenasici babeka ibhalansi elungileyo phakathi kokusebenza kunye neendleko, bezenza ukhetho oluphambili kwimarike.
3. Kutheni i-titanium ibiza kakhulu abatshintshi bobushushu?
I-Titanium ibonisa ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokutya, iqhuba kakuhle ngakumbi kwindawo ebandakanya amanzi olwandle, ii-ion zekloridi, kunye nemithombo yeendaba eyonakalisa kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, abatshintshi bobushushu be-titanium basetyenziswa kakhulu kubunjineli baselwandle, i-chlor-ishishini lealkali, kunye namacandelo awodwa emichiza.
Nangona ixabiso lokuqala lokuthengwa kwezixhobo ze-titanium liphezulu, ubomi baso benkonzo ende buhlala buvelisa izibonelelo zezoqoqosho zexesha elide.
Ukuba ufuna ukwazi ngakumbi malunga neeyunithi zokutshintsha ubushushu okanye unomdla wokuthenga, nceda uthumele i-imeyile ku- 9988xiaoshuai@gmail.com, siya kukuphendula kwangethuba emva kokubona umyalezo!
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